Here is a link to the paper.
Here are some excerpts.
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Late this August, researchers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that almost every US state experienced cases of West Nile virus disease in 2021. Of the nearly 3000 cases logged that year, 69% were neuroinvasive. More than 2000 people were hospitalized and more than 200 died.----------
According to the CDC, about 20% of people who are infected with West Nile virus develop a fever and flu-like symptoms, with fatigue and weakness sometimes persisting for weeks or months. Less than 1% of people with West Nile infections develop neuroinvasive disease, usually meningitis, encephalitis, or acute flaccid paralysis. Older adults and people who have certain comorbidities or are immunocompromised are most at risk for severe disease.
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The consistently high numbers of disease and death each year from West Nile virus have led researchers to call for an all-out push to develop a vaccine. “We’re not making headway with other prevention strategies in reducing the burden of disease and the number of deaths,” said Carolyn V. Gould, MD, a medical epidemiologist at the CDC’s Arboviral Diseases Branch, adding that vector control strategies and personal protective measures are challenging to implement. In addition, patients receiving the monoclonal antibody rituximab can develop severe neuroinvasive complications from West Nile virus infection, tick-borne encephalitis, and other arboviral diseases.
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