From John Lott at the Crime Prevention Research Center and
Carlisle Moody at the College of William & Mary.
Abstract: The FBI tracks active shooting cases-where
individuals attempt to kill people in public places, excluding those tied to
robberies or gang violence. This study is the first to systematically compare
how uniformed police and civilians with concealed handgun permits perform in
stopping these attacks. We find that civilians with permits reduce the number
of victims killed, the number wounded, and the total number of casualties more
than responding police officers do. They also stop the attacks more frequently
and face a lower risk of being killed or injured than police. We also provide
evidence that these numbers significantly underestimate the advantages of
civilians over officers in stopping these attacks. We find that officers who
intervened during the attacks were more likely to be killed or injured than
those who apprehended the attackers later. We explore the implications of two
possible identification problems. There is some evidence that Constitutional
Carry laws reduce deaths and injuries from active shooting attacks.
Here is the link.
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5754143
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